https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2201

Ultraviolet-C irradiation of wheat grains induces seedling resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew disease

Vol. 18 No. 3 (2023)
Published: 19 October 2023
Wheat, leaf rust, powdery mildew, UV, phenolic compounds, enzyme activity, RT-PCR
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Authors

  • Marian Thabet Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid • m.abouzeid@arc.sci.eg Wheat Diseases Research Department, Agricultural Research Center, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
  • Fatmah A. Safhi Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • Khairiah M. Alwutayd Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
  • Walaa Khalifa Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation of grains activated the antioxidant system and wheat seedlings’ resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew disease under greenhouse conditions. Two wheat cultivars (Gemmeiza-12 and Sids-1) with dry and germinated grains were treated with UV-C at three exposure times (5, 10, and 15 minutes). The results indicated that the percentages of disease severity and infection type for leaf rust and powdery mildew on wheat seedlings were significantly reduced when exposed to UVC at all exposure times compared to the untreated control. The most effective treatments for both cultivars were obtained in seedlings grown from germinated grains treated with UV-C for 10 minutes. Furthermore, UV-C irradiation treatments improved plant resistance to infection by activating certain defense genes, thereby increasing the production of resistance compounds that support defense mechanisms against pathogens. Our results demonstrated that UV-C for 10 minutes can induce resistance in wheat seedlings while also increasing total chlorophyll, total phenolic compounds, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and peroxidase activity. In addition, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in seedlings growing from germinated grains treated with UV-C for 10 minutes, as compared to both infected and uninfected controls. These findings demonstrate the potential for additional UV-C radiation treatments to enhance disease resistance.

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How to Cite

Thabet, M., Abou-Zeid, M. A., Safhi, F. A., Alwutayd, K. M., & Khalifa, W. (2023). Ultraviolet-C irradiation of wheat grains induces seedling resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew disease. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 18(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2023.2201
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